small claims LTB legal

Small Claims vs LTB: Where to File What

By Solutions Property Management — Wed Jul 08 2026

Not every landlord-tenant dispute belongs at the LTB. Here's the map.

The Landlord and Tenant Board handles most residential tenancy disputes in Ontario — but not all of them. Filing in the wrong place costs you months and, sometimes, your case.

**Goes to the LTB**

  • Rent arrears while the tenant is still in possession
  • Eviction for cause (non-payment, damage, illegal act, disturbing others)
  • Eviction for landlord's own use (N12) or major renovation (N13)
  • Tenant applications for maintenance, harassment, illegal entry
  • Rent reduction claims
  • Above-guideline rent increase applications

**Goes to Small Claims Court**

  • Rent arrears after the tenant has moved out
  • Damage claims after the tenancy has ended
  • Any claim for unpaid rent when the LTB no longer has jurisdiction
  • Claims against a guarantor

The critical rule: **once the tenant no longer has the unit, the LTB largely loses jurisdiction over money claims.** If you're chasing $8,000 in arrears from a tenant who moved out three months ago, that's Small Claims, not the LTB.

**When you might use both**

Common scenario: tenant is in arrears, you file at the LTB, they move out before the hearing. The LTB can still order the arrears up to the move-out date if the L1 was already filed. But damage discovered after the move-out is Small Claims territory.

**Practical differences**

  • LTB filing fee: $201 (as of 2026). Small Claims: $102-$237 depending on amount.
  • LTB timeline: 3-6 months to hearing. Small Claims: 6-12 months to trial.
  • LTB is written applications + hearings. Small Claims is more formal, more like court.
  • Enforcement is separate in both cases — an order isn't collection.

Get the venue right the first time. A wrong-forum filing gets dismissed, and now you're starting over with the clock still running.